Titanium is characterized by light weight, high strength, metallic luster, good corrosion resistance, due to its stable chemical properties, good high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, strong acid resistance, strong alkali resistance, and high strength, low density is called "space metal", "smart metal", "biological metal", "all-round metal".
Titanium wire classification: titanium alloy wire, pure titanium glasses wire, titanium straight wire, pure titanium wire, titanium welding wire, titanium hanger wire, titanium disc wire, titanium bright wire, medical titanium wire, titanium nickel alloy wire.
Specifications of titanium wire:
A. Titanium wire specification: φ0.8-φ6.0mm
B. Specifications of titanium wire for glasses: φ1.0-φ6.0mm special titanium wire
C. Titanium wire specification: φ0.2-φ8.0mm hanger
The main uses of titanium wire include: welding wire, production of springs, rivets, etc. It is widely used in aviation, marine, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and other field.
1. Welding wire, at present, more than 80% of titanium and titanium alloy wire is used as welding wire. For example, welding of various titanium equipment, welding pipes, repair welding of turbine discs and blades of aviation jet engines, welding of casings, etc.
2. Titanium is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, papermaking and other industries due to its excellent corrosion resistance, such as Tianjin Chemical Plant using 3.2mm pure titanium wire to compile a filter screen.
3. Titanium and titanium alloy wires are used to manufacture fasteners, load-bearing components, springs, etc. due to their good comprehensive properties. For example, Xi'an High Pressure Valve Factory uses TC4 wire to manufacture valve pressure springs.
4. In the medical and health industry, titanium and titanium alloy wires are used to manufacture medical devices, implant crown fixation of the human body, skull fixation, etc.
5. Some titanium alloys are used to make shoulder pads for satellite antennas and clothes because of their shape memory function.
6. In the electroplating and water treatment industry, titanium and titanium alloy wires are used to manufacture various electrodes.
Drawing of titanium wire and titanium alloy wire is a metal plastic processing process in which wire rod or wire blank is pulled out of the die hole of the wire drawing die under the action of drawing force to produce titanium and titanium alloy wire with small sections. Wires of different cross-sectional shapes and sizes of various metals and alloys can be produced by drawing. The drawn wire is accurate in size, smooth on the surface, and the drawing equipment and molds used are simple and easy to manufacture. In order to improve the stability of the drawing process, reduce the number of drawing and die penetration, and improve the drawing production efficiency, the safety factor K value greater than 2.0 can be used.
Drawing above the recrystallization temperature is hot drawing, and drawing above room temperature and below the recrystallization temperature is warm drawing. Cold drawing is the most common drawing method used in the production of metal wire and wire. During hot drawing, the wire should be heated before entering the die hole, which is mainly used for the drawing of metal wires with high melting point such as tungsten and molybdenum. When warm drawing, the metal wire also needs to be heated to a specified range of temperature through the heater before entering the die hole for drawing, which is mainly used for the drawing of zinc wire, hard-to-deform alloy wire such as high-speed steel wire and bearing steel wire.
According to the number of dies through which the wire passes through at the same time in the drawing process, the drawing through only one die is single-pass drawing, and the drawing through several (2~25) dies in sequence is multi-pass continuous drawing. The line speed of single-pass drawing is low, the productivity and labor productivity are low, and it is often used for the drawing of large wire diameter, low plasticity and special-shaped wire and thread. The high line speed, high degree of mechanization and automation, high productivity and labor productivity of multi-pass drawing are the main ways of wire and wire production. It is also divided into non-sliding continuous drawing and sliding continuous drawing. According to the state of the lubricant used during drawing, wet drawing with liquid lubricant and dry drawing with solid lubricant.
According to the cross-sectional shape of the drawn wire, there are round wire drawing and special-shaped wire drawing. According to the tensile force acting on the drawn wire, there are positive tensile pulling and anti-tensile drawing. There are also special drawings, such as roll die drawing, etc.!
Process characteristics: the stress state of wire drawing is the three-way principal stress state of two-way compressive stress and one-way tensile stress, which is easier to reach the plastic deformation state of the drawn wire than the principal stress state of compressive stress in all three directions. The deformation state of drawing is the three-way main deformation state of two-way compression deformation and one-way tensile deformation, which is not conducive to the plasticity of metal materials, and it is easy to generate and expose surface defects. The deformation of the pass in the wire drawing process is limited by its safety factor, and the smaller the pass deformation is the more drawing pass, so the multi-pass continuous high-speed drawing is often used in the production of metal wire.
Common problems and solutions in wire drawing In metal processing, carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper and other metals are forced through the mold by external force, and their cross-sections are compressed into the required shape and size, which is our common wire drawing process. The drawing process is divided into dry drawing and wet drawing according to the equipment and lubricants used. This article briefly introduces the common problems and solutions in wet drawing.
First of all, the selection of wet drawing process is generally for small diameter, or surface finish, or metal drawing with special requirements for subsequent processing technology. The categories of wet-drawn lubricants mainly include pure oils, synthetic oils, emulsions, pastes, etc. The choice of wet drawing lubricant is mainly based on many factors such as raw material material, mold, surface quality and downstream application. For example, stainless steel drawing is commonly used, pure oil with high viscosity and special extreme pressure additives is generally selected, emulsion is generally selected for carbon steel, and pure oil or synthetic oil can be selected for non-ferrous metals according to the final application requirements, and emulsion can also be selected. If there are special requirements, the paste can also be selected.
Generally speaking, in practice, there will be various problems in both dry and wet drawing processes. Let's take a look at those common problems in the wet drawing process and the corresponding solutions.
1. Discoloration of the wire
Surface discoloration of wires (e.g. copper) is mainly oxidative discoloration and occurs due to improper temperature and humidity conditions. It may be that the concentration of the emulsion is too low or the temperature is abnormal; Excessive oil adhesion to the wire; substandard water quality; Mixing of foreign oils, etc. Find the cause of its discoloration, and you can take corresponding measures according to the actual situation. For example, if the concentration of the emulsion is too low, it is raised to the normal standard; If the temperature is abnormal, it should be adjusted to the normal 35°C~45°C; Check the outlet for drawing oil spills; Removal of foreign oils mixed in the emulsion.
2. The mold is worn
One of the reasons for the large loss of the mold is the improper operation of the machine, and the other is the wrong choice of lubricant. If the machine is not running properly, the operator needs to practice it constantly and check its working condition before each operation. In addition, lubricants play a key role in the wire drawing process, and its choice is crucial. At present, the brushed products from CONDAT are highly respected by many enterprises. On the one hand, it has a complete product range, which basically covers all wire drawing applications; On the other hand, VICAFIL® is a representative lubricant that has the advantages of fast drawing speed, good chemical compatibility, and not easy to break wires, which can extend the service life of the mold. Not only that, CONDAT can also customize lubrication solutions, which is at the forefront of the wire drawing industry.
3. Broken lines, scratches and burrs
The broken wire, scratches and burrs of the wire greatly affect the aesthetics and quality of the product. The causes of these problems may be the contamination of metal chips caused by direct contact between the metal and the mold due to insufficient lubrication, the blockage of the mold holes, or the aging of the lubricant, which can be solved by removing the metal chips with filtration equipment, removing the blockage and replacing the lubricant.
4. Emulsion delamination/excessive surface extractables
The invasion of microorganisms, low PH, water hardness and inorganic salts of the preparation of the solution are too high, and the temperature of the emulsion is too high, which may cause the delamination of the emulsion or too much precipitate on the surface of the wire, and the solution should also be targeted. If it is invaded by microorganisms, a fungicide can be added to it, and sodium hydroxide solution or triethylamol can be supplemented; If the pH is too low, sodium hydroxide solution or triethylamol needs to be supplemented; When the hardness and inorganic salts of the preparation water are too high, the preparation water needs to be replaced; The emulsion temperature is too high, so it needs to be cooled moderately before use.
